MacroGenics, Inc. is racing to enroll up to 500 adults and children in its final stage trials of a molecule which helps save insulin-producing cells by killing their attackers. It also boosts other immune-system cells throughout the body. What's the rush? Tolerx Inc., a Massachusetts drug company, is scheduled to start late-stage trials for a compound that works similarly to MacroGenics' product. Final trials should last the remainder of the decade.

Earlier studies in academia have shown some type 1 diabetics under this particular treatment required less insulin. Scott Koenig, president and CEO of MacroGenics, stated final trials will test whether the compound could halt the need for insulin in some patients altogether. They expect patients will require fewer daily injections, and shoring up a patient's immune system will help people with diabetes avoid dangerous complications such as heart or limb disease.